GUVI has been proven to destroy or inactivate the following micro-organisms. Relevant dose and neutralization efficacy rates are listed in the table below.
Microorganisms |
Dose J/m2(99.99%) |
Dose J/m2(99.90%) |
Dose J/m2(99.00%) |
Dose J/m2(95.00%) |
Dose J/m2(90.00%) |
Coronavirus | |||||
Coronavirus |
28 |
21 |
14 |
9.1 |
7 |
Berne virus (Coronaviridae) |
28 |
21 |
14 |
9.1 |
7 |
Canine coronavirus (CCV) |
116 |
87 |
58 |
37.7 |
29 |
SARS coronavirus CoV-P9 |
160 |
120 |
80 |
52 |
40 |
Murine coronavirus (MHV) |
412 |
309 |
206 |
133.9 |
103 |
SARS coronavirus (Hanoi) |
536 |
402 |
268 |
174.2 |
134 |
SARS coronavirus (Urbani) |
964 |
723 |
482 |
313.3 |
241 |
Bacteria | |||||
Bacillus anthracis |
180.8 |
135.6 |
90.4 |
58.76 |
45.2 |
B. megatherium sp. ( spores) |
109.2 |
81.9 |
54.6 |
35.49 |
27.3 |
B. megatherium sp. (veg.) |
52 |
39 |
26 |
16.9 |
13 |
B. parathyphosus |
128 |
96 |
64 |
41.6 |
32 |
B. suptilis |
284 |
213 |
142 |
92.3 |
71 |
B. suptilis spores |
480 |
360 |
240 |
156 |
120 |
Campylobacter jejuni |
44 |
33 |
22 |
14.3 |
11 |
Clostridium tetani |
480 |
360 |
240 |
156 |
120 |
Corynebacterium diphteriae |
134.8 |
101.1 |
67.4 |
43.81 |
33.7 |
Dysentery bacilli |
88 |
66 |
44 |
28.6 |
22 |
Eberthellatyphosa |
85.6 |
64.2 |
42.8 |
27.82 |
21.4 |
Escherichia coli |
120 |
90 |
60 |
39 |
30 |
Klebsiella terrifani |
104 |
78 |
52 |
33.8 |
26 |
Legionella pneumophila |
36 |
27 |
18 |
11.7 |
9 |
Micrococcus candidus |
242 |
181.5 |
121 |
78.65 |
60.5 |
Micrococcus sphaeroides |
400 |
300 |
200 |
130 |
100 |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
240 |
180 |
120 |
78 |
60 |
Neisseria catarrhalis |
176 |
132 |
88 |
57.2 |
44 |
Phytomonas tumefaciens |
176 |
132 |
88 |
57.2 |
44 |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
220 |
165 |
110 |
71.5 |
55 |
Pseudomonas fluorescens |
140 |
105 |
70 |
45.5 |
35 |
Proteus vulgaris |
105.6 |
79.2 |
52.8 |
34.32 |
26.4 |
Salmonella enteritidis |
160 |
120 |
80 |
52 |
40 |
Salmonella paratyphi |
128 |
96 |
64 |
41.6 |
32 |
Salmonella typhimurium |
320 |
240 |
160 |
104 |
80 |
Sarcina lutea |
788 |
591 |
394 |
256.1 |
197 |
Seratia marcescens |
96.8 |
72.6 |
48.4 |
31.46 |
24.2 |
Shigella paradysenteriae |
65.2 |
48.9 |
32.6 |
21.19 |
16.3 |
Shigella sonnei |
120 |
90 |
60 |
39 |
30 |
Spirillum rubrum |
176 |
132 |
88 |
57.2 |
44 |
Staphylococcus albus |
73.6 |
55.2 |
36.8 |
23.92 |
18.4 |
Staphylococcus aureus |
104 |
78 |
52 |
33.8 |
26 |
Streptococcus faecalis |
176 |
132 |
88 |
57.2 |
44 |
Streptococcus hemoluticus |
86.4 |
64.8 |
43.2 |
28.08 |
21.6 |
Streptococcus lactus |
246 |
184.5 |
123 |
79.95 |
61.5 |
Streptococcus viridans |
80 |
60 |
40 |
26 |
20 |
Sentertidis |
160 |
120 |
80 |
52 |
40 |
Vibrio chlolerae (V.comma) |
140 |
105 |
70 |
45.5 |
35 |
Yersinia enterocolitica |
44 |
33 |
22 |
14.3 |
11 |
Yeasts | |||||
Bakers’ yeast |
156 |
117 |
78 |
50.7 |
39 |
Brewers’ yeast |
132 |
99 |
66 |
42.9 |
33 |
Common yeast cake |
240 |
180 |
120 |
78 |
60 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
240 |
180 |
120 |
78 |
60 |
Saccharomyces ellipsoideus |
240 |
180 |
120 |
78 |
60 |
Saccharomyces sp. |
320 |
240 |
160 |
104 |
80 |
Mould spores | |||||
Aspergillus flavus |
2400 |
1800 |
1200 |
780 |
600 |
Aspergillus glaucus |
1760 |
1320 |
880 |
572 |
440 |
Aspergillus niger |
5280 |
3960 |
2640 |
1716 |
1320 |
Mucor racemosus A |
680 |
510 |
340 |
221 |
170 |
Mucor racemosus B |
680 |
510 |
340 |
221 |
170 |
Oospora lactis |
200 |
150 |
100 |
65 |
50 |
Penicillium digitatum |
1760 |
1320 |
880 |
572 |
440 |
Penicillium expansum |
520 |
390 |
260 |
169 |
130 |
Penicillium roqueforti |
520 |
390 |
260 |
169 |
130 |
Rhizopus nigricans |
4440 |
3330 |
2220 |
1443 |
1110 |
Virus | |||||
Hepatitis A |
292 |
219 |
146 |
94.9 |
73 |
Influenza virus |
144 |
108 |
72 |
46.8 |
36 |
MS-2 Coliphase |
744 |
558 |
372 |
241.8 |
186 |
Polio virus |
232 |
174 |
116 |
75.4 |
58 |
Rotavirus |
324 |
243 |
162 |
105.3 |
81 |
Protozoa | |||||
Cryptosporidium parvum |
100 |
75 |
50 |
32.5 |
25 |
Giardia lamblia |
44 |
33 |
22 |
14.3 |
11 |
Algae | |||||
Blue Green |
12000 |
9000 |
6000 |
3900 |
3000 |
Chlorella vulgaris |
480 |
360 |
240 |
156 |
120 |
Source: Ultraviolet Purification Application, Philips
Yes, you can either use UV reactive strips or a radiation meter (for example an Everfine U20 to measure the radiation output.
As the lamp tube is used, its output will gradually decay. At 9000hof use (the max effective life) the radiant illuminance will decay to between 90% and 80% of the original value.
When UVC irradiation comes into contact with a micro-organism it causes a photochemical reaction as the radiation is absorbed. Damageto the micro-organism’s DNA ensues. Principally the action of the absorption of the photon makes the microbe unable to replicate.
The lamp tubes used in GOLDENDSEA UV product have an effective life of 9,000 hours
As Covid 19 is so new there are still more tests which need to be done, although recent research at Columbia University in the US suggests that exposure to UVC radiation is an effective way of inactivating the virus.
As Covid 19’s structure is similar to other related coronaviruses, including MERS, there is nothing to suggest that UVC generated by GOLDENSEA UV products will not be an effective tool to combat Covid 19. UVC is proven to be highly effective at inactivating known viruses such as MERS and SARS which are related to Covid 19.
In general, UV degrades materials such as paint, colours in fabrics and some plastics. Polypropylene (PP) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) are plastics which are particularly impacted by UVC (and UVA/B) irradiation. Polyester (for example) is far more resistant to UV exposure
Similar degradation of materials also occur when exposed to UV radiation found in sunlight for prolonged periods of time.
The shorter wavelength of UVC may damage plants.
GOLDENSEA UV recommends that all sensitive objects and plants be removed from rooms prior to UVC disinfection.
GOLDENSEA UV employs low pressure (Hg) mercury discharge lamp tubes. The tubes are made by Philips and Osram. These tubes output UVC irradiation at 253.7nm, which is near the maximum microbicidal activity rated at between 260- 265nm. This makes the lamp tubes GOLDENSEA UV uses excellent choices for this GUVI purposes.
This depends on the chemical composition of the material in question. Some clear plastics will allow for transmission of UVC while others will not. However, for effective transmission of UVC the composition of the surface needs to be as pure as possible (hence why quartz glass containing only a single component of silicon dioxide is used to make the lamp tubes) meaning that most clear surfaces are not efficient for transmitting UVC them.
Opaque surfaces and tightly woven materials (i.e. where the UVC radiation has no direct line of sight to the sub surface) are also effective at blocking UVC radiation.
No. Almost 100% of UVC radiation is blocked by glass used in windows, which are made from various compounds, one of which is Cerium (IV) Oxide which blocks UVC. The glass used in the lamp tubes is quartz glass containing only a single component of silicon dioxide which allows UVC radiation to pass through. This is why UVC passes through the glass tube and not the glass window. More information can be found here http://www.iuva.org/UV-FAQs